midterm exam review

Worksheet

http://hillwoodphoto2.blogspot.com/2014/08/photography-begins.html

http://stevecampbellhillwood.blogspot.com/2011/09/art-vocabulary.html

http://hillwoodphoto2.blogspot.com/2017/11/convert-color-image-to-black-and-white.html

http://stevecampbellhillwood.blogspot.com/2015/11/saving-as-jpeg.html

Photography is the science, art and practice of creating durable images by recording light or other electromagnetic radiation, either chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as photographic film, or electronically by means of an image sensor. 

The word photography comes from two ancient Greek words: photo, for “light,” and graph, for “drawing.” “Drawing with light” is a way of describing photography.

A photograph can be a portrait, selfie, street scene, still life,  a historical document that is frozen time, a landscape, and much more.

Camera: An optical device for taking photographs, generally consisting of a lightproof enclosure having an opening or aperture with a shuttered lens through which the image of an object is focused and recorded on a photosensitive film, plate, or a sensor in digital photography.

A camera obscura (Latin: “dark chamber”) is an optical device that led to photography and the camera. The device consists of a box or room with a hole in one side. Light from an external scene passes through the hole and strikes a surface inside, where it is reproduced, rotated 180 degrees (thus upside-down), but with color and perspective preserved. The image can be projected onto paper, and can then be traced to produce a highly accurate representation. 

The Greek philosopher and scientist Aristotle (384-322 BCE); Mozi (470 to 390 BCE), a Chinese philosopher;  and Euclid, born unknown (mid-4th century BC) died unknown (mid-3rd century BC), all contributed observations knowledge about this phenomenon. 

Study the information on this link:

http://hillwoodphoto2.blogspot.com/2014/08/photography-begins.html

Lenses and mirrors were added to the camera obscura  during the Renaissance.

In the mid-1820’s, a metal plate, coated with a light-sensitive emulsion was added to create the first photograph. These photos were called daguerreotypes.

Be able to identify a closeup photo, line photo, geometric shape photo, rule of thirds photo, organic shape photo.

Review your Literacy answer sheets

The Vocabulary of Art & Photography

art elements & principles of design:

http://www.projectarticulate.org/principles.php

Art Elements

Line: A line is a path left by a moving point. A continuous mark on a surface.

What are the functions of line?

1. to outline a shape

2. to create movement and emphasis

3. to develop pattern and texture

4. to shade and model using hatching, crosshatching and stippling.

Shape is a two dimensional area with identifiable boundaries.

What are the two broad categories of  shape?

1. Geometric shapes - mechanically drawn lines, squares, rectangles, circles. We see them in architecture and manufactured items.

2. Organic shapes - are shapes based on forms of nature, which are usually rounded, irregular and curving. Leaf, seashells, flowers. We see them in nature and with characteristics that are free flowing, informal and irregular.

Value - is the lightness or darkness of a color or photo

• High-Key is where the picture is all light values.

• Low-Key is where the picture is all dark values.

• Value Contrast is where light values are placed next to dark values to create contrast or strong differences.

• Value Scale is a scale that shows the gradual change in value from its lightest value, white to its darkest value black.

Texture refers to surface quality.

• Real Texture is the actual texture of an object. Artist may create real texture in art to give it visual interest or evoke a feeling. A piece of pottery may have a rough texture so that it will look like it came from nature or a smooth texture to make it look like it is machine made.

• Implied Texture is the where a two-dimensional piece of art is made to look like a certain texture but in fact is just a smooth piece of paper. Like a drawing of a tree trunk may look rough but in fact it is just a smooth piece of paper.

Principles of Design

Emphasis:

a principle of design by which the artist or designer may use opposing sizes or shapes, contrasting colors, or other means to place greater attention on certain areas or objects in a work of art. Emphasis is achieved by dominance and subordination, bright against dull, light on dark, large among small, etc.

What are 3 ways you could create emphasis in a photograph?

Contrast: a principle of design that refers to differences in values, colors, textures, and other elements in artwork to achieve emphasis and interest.

Movement: a principle of design that refers to the arrangement of parts in artwork to create a flow of the viewer’s eye through the repeated arrangement of line, shape, color, texture or value; through the orderly positioning of objects; through contrasting positive and negative shapes; through contrasting sizes; or through gradation of colors and values.

Dominance: One area in a photo stands out more than others

review and know:

http://hillwoodphoto2.blogspot.com/2014/10/art-elements-and-principles-of-design.html

 scroll down to “rule of thirds”. Be able to draw the rule of thirds.

Photoshop

Save photos into your Documents folder

The move tool lets you move different images in a Photoshop document

In this class, photos that are being sent via e-mail should be saved as a JPEG

In this class, we sent an email with the photo included as an attachment

In this class, we converted color photos to black and white by going to Image>Mode>Grayscale 

Photos are lightened or darkened by using the Levels adjustment. 

To resize a photo in proportion, you should select Edit>Free Transform. The press and hold the Shift key while dragging a corner up inward to scale down and outward to scale up.

When viewing online images, a resolution of 1000 pixels suggests the photo is “high resolution”

To cut out or delete a large area of a solid color, like a solid white background, use the Magic Eraser Tool.